Proceedings - January 2024 Vol. 150/1/1,451

The Surface Warfare Issue: Command of the Sea and Ship Maintenance

January 2024

The New Year begins with a focus on surface warfare and the essence of why great nations need navies.

CEO Notes

January 2024

Join us in San Diego for WEST 2024 at the San Diego Convention Center, 13-15 February.

Marines from the 3d Marine Division and 1st Marine Air Wing train at Kirishima Training Area in Kyushu, Japan.

Comment & Discussion

January 2024

Readers respond to articles on Phase III of the American Sea Power Project and more.

Destroyers of the U.S. Navy: Two Classes Of Destroyers Are Really Five

By Brian O'Rourke

January 2024

The two classes of destroyers in the Navy today really amount to five.

Destroyers and other small ships were meant to be jacks of all trades, but as they age, the Navy should consider narrowing their assigned missions to prolong their service lives and ease supply and maintenance issues for sailors.

Adjust Missions for Aging Ships

By Lieutenant John Adam, U.S. Navy

January 2024

Ships’ careers could be prolonged if the Navy centralized bases for specific ships.

A ship undergoing a depot-level availability—as was the Bonhomme Richard (LHD-6) in July 2020—is vulnerable to fire and flooding because watertight integrity and fire boundaries are compromised, the ship easily becomes dirty, and firefighting and damage control equipment are shut down. These hazards can be mitigated only by the vigilance and actions of the crew.

A Catastrophic Mishap

By Captain Thomas Beall, U.S. Navy (Retired)

January 2024

Fostering this attitude in Navy culture may go a long way to preventing a catastrophe such as that which befell the Bonhomme Richard.

Today, Navy Reserve forces are tightly aligned to critical warfighting functions, to maximize their mandate to provide wartime strategic depth. Here, sailors check in at the hospital ship USNS Comfort (T-AH-20) to support her deployment.

Navy Reservists in the Pacific: Rehearsing to Mobilize for a Maritime Conflict

By Commander Alison E. Maruca, U.S. Navy Reserve

January 2024

The biggest compliment a reservist can receive is when a colleague says, “I didn’t know you were a reservist.”

U.S. Marines and sailors conduct maintenance on the rotor assembly of an MV-22B Osprey. The Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization (NATOPS) requirements for rest must be followed for all personnel, not just the flight crew.

Improve Crew Rest for All Naval Aviation

By Petty Officer Second Class Ann Starks, U.S. Navy

January 2024

Both flight and ground-support personnel schedules must include an opportunity for eight hours of uninterrupted sleep.

To prevail in this scenario, senior commanders will need to delegate to the maximum extent possible, rely on mission command, and update their commander’s intent often.

Wartime Command & Control

By Admiral Scott Swift, U.S. Navy (Retired)

January 2024

Command and control would require rethinking—with mission command as a central tenet.

Space will be a key enabler in a future fight over Taiwan, and the United States must take advantage of relationships, technology, and partnerships to make its space systems more resilient for this fight.

The Challenge of Joint Space Operations

By Vice Admiral Brian Brown, U.S. Navy (Retired)

January 2024

Space operations would be key. U.S. forces must be prepared.

Space Cybersecurity: Achilles Heel

By Admiral Sandy Winnefeld, U.S. Navy (Retired) and General Ellen Pawlikowski, U.S. Air Force (Retired)

January 2024

The nation needs more sophisticated requirements for cybersecurity in space to prevail in the 2026 scenario.

The USS Carl Levin (DDG-120) launches a Standard Missile-3 interceptor.

Air and Missile Defense in the Western Pacific

By Captain Scott Smith, U.S. Navy (Retired)

January 2024

Countering China’s missile offensive in a war over Taiwan will be a critical—and joint—effort.

A line of Chinese trucks stuck in a traffic jam on a narrow mountain road in the Himalayas.

Tighten the Belt and Cut the Roads

By Captain Tom Clarity, U.S. Navy

January 2024

To win, recognize that restoring Taiwan’s autonomy is far more achievable than preserving it.

The USS Rafael Peralta (DDG-115), front, and the USS Bunker Hill (CG-52) in the Pacific Ocean as part of the Theodore Roosevelt Carrier Strike Group.

Command of the Sea: Why It Is Essential to U.S. Maritime Strategy

By Captain Robert C. Rubel, U.S. Navy (Retired)

January 2024

The Navy must return to the concept of command of the sea to craft a strategy that will deter China.

A steelworker grinds out a metal strip in preparation for welding. The maintenance community should embrace truthful reporting, both because it will increase unit cohesion and because it could lead to improved timelines for meeting milestones.

Surface Ship Repair Culture Needs A Refit

By Captain Holman Agard, U.S. Navy

January 2024

The Navy needs an organized, motivated, and accountable repair community.

After the initial Japanese attack on Wake Island, one of just four remaining F4F Wildcats of Marine Fighting Squadron 211 prepares for battle in John Shaw’s “The Magnificent Fight: The Battle for Wake Island.” The battle highlights the need to account for attrition among aviation support units when establishing FARPs in the weapons engagement zone.

FARPs Keep Aviation in the Fight

By Major Timothy Warren, U.S. Marine Corps

January 2024

Forward arming and refueling points would provide vital logistical support in a potential fight with China.

After a hazing incident, the author adopted Medal of Honor runs for his platoon, using the citations of former company members to help inspire his Marines to aspire for more.

You Never Know Who Will Be the Next Hero

By Major Michael A. Hanson, U.S. Marine Corps

January 2024

Marines need to begin forging bonds from the day they arrive to their unit, and it begins with a welcome hand from their fellow Marines.

The tactical action officer stands watch in the combat direction center on board the USS Carl Vinson (CVN-70).

Ship Combat Teams Must Fight at the Highest Classification Level

By Lieutenant Kyle Cregge, U.S. Navy

January 2024

Aegis ship TAOs must practice operating from the SSES, the primary TS/SCI space where cryptologic technicians (collection) work.

An aerial view of the Coast Guard’s sole shipyard, located in Baltimore, Maryland.

A West Coast Shipyard Could Help the Coast Guard

By Lieutenant Joseph O’Connell, U.S. Coast Guard

January 2024

As the Coast Guard continues to grow its blue-water assets in both tonnage and quantity, it needs a major Coast Guard–owned and –operated shipyard on the West Coast.

An EA-18G Growler from Electronic Attack Squadron 209 fires an advanced antiradiation guided missile–extended range. Naval aviation envisions live, virtual, constructive training will be at its full capability in 2035.

Use Live, Virtual, Constructive Training to Meet the High-end Fight

By Captain Paul Mackley, U.S. Navy (Retired)

January 2024

A live, virtual, constructive hybrid or blended training environment can provide a comprehensive training solution.

Ballot Biographies

January 2024

Biographies of the candidates for the 2024 Board of Directors and Editorial Board.

Book Reviews

January 2024

Experts review The New Makers of Modern Strategy and Spy Ships.

Mahan thought a Central American canal would reorient the commercial epicenter of the globe, shifting it from Great Britain to the United States. But control of the canal would depend on sea power.

Mahan as Geoeconomic Strategist

By Colonel Walter M. Hudson, U.S. Army (Retired)

January 2024

Mahan sets forth examples of what may today be called the larger economic, cultural, and technological ecosystem required for control of the seas.

From Our Archive

January 2024

On 18 January 1911, the first shipboard aircraft landing takes place as pilot Eugene Ely lands on board the armored cruiser USS Pennsylvania (ACR-4).

Where We Were

January 2024

A look back at the January issues of Proceedings from 1924, 1974, and 1999.

The USNS John Lewis (T-AO-205) is the first of a new class of fleet replenishment oilers. The Navy and NASSCO collaborated to balance efficiency with cost in a design more efficient than its predecessors.

Navigating Surface Ship Acquisition

By Tom Rivers, Acting Program Executive Officer for Ships

January 2024

We will continue to improve best practices and focus on product, people, and processes.

First in her class, the Isaac Peral was launched 7 May 2021. The class operates with a crew of 32 and has additional accommodations for 8 special operations service members.

S-80 Plus Class: Growing Potential for Spain’s Submarine Program

By Eric Wertheim

January 2024

This next-generation class brings promising capabilities to the Armada Española and enhances Spain’s potential maritime contribution to NATO.

A passenger ship carries alpine mountaineering skiers to Antarctica. The Polar Code is a uniform and nondiscriminatory set of rules and regulations that provides a level playing field for all polar marine operators and managers.

The IMO Polar Code: Safety and Environmental Protection for Polar Waters

By Captain Lawson Brigham, U.S. Coast Guard (Retired)

January 2024

In 2017, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) established a historic governance regime for polar waters.

Graduating from the Naval Academy in 1944, future Vice Admiral Bernard Forbes joined the USS Barton (DD-722) as gunnery officer, serving on that destroyer for the remainder of World War II and during the first atomic tests at Bikini Atoll.

A-Bombs to Bikini

By A. Denis Clift

January 2024

Vice Admiral Bernard B. “Beetle” Forbes Jr. recalls his time as on the USS Barton (DD-722) during World War II.

Secure the Future Your Legacy at the Naval Institute

January 2024

Consider the many ways a planned gift could make financial sense for you, your loved ones, and the future of the Institute.

Asked & Answered

January 2024

What work of sea literature provides the best lessons for prospective ship commanding officers?

Overcoming Shattered Supply Chains With AI

January 2024

Deep reinforcement learning—an emerging form of AI—may soon make it possible for the joint forces to create what might be thought of as a self- healing supply web.

Battelle’s Florida Materials Research Facility

Fighting The U.S. Navy's Slow Creeping Enemy: Corrosion

January 2024

Corrosion is a billion-dollar problem for the U.S. Navy. Independent nonprofit science and technology research organization Battelle has helped the DoD identify and address many corrosion challenges.

Station HYPO, located in the “dungeon,” a basement of a Pearl Harbor administrative building, played a pivotal role in the Navy’s Midway victory.

Lessons from a Century of Naval Cryptology

By Lieutenant Commander Keith Nelson, U.S. Navy

January 2024

A celebration of 100 years of naval cryptology.

The USS John Warner (SSN-785) in Norfolk Naval Shipyard in January 2023.

The Navy’s Submarine Maintenance Crisis Needs Ready, Affordable Solutions

By Edward L. Bartlett Jr.

January 2024

The urgency of the Navy’s submarine maintenance crisis necessitates a bold and innovative response. More than one-third of the nation’s SSNs are in extended maintenance availabilities vice being at sea.

An explosive ordnance disposal technician disposes of a training mine. The technology and ideas to revive U.S. mine warfare are available and plentiful, but the community lacks a command structure to cohesively advocate, support, and properly conduct mine warfare.

The Navy Must Fix Mine Warfare’s Institutional Structure

By Lieutenant Commander Matthew Hipple, U.S. Navy

January 2024

The Navy needs a strong advocate for fleet mine warfare, one who operationally and programmatically unites the mine warfare mission.

Time’s Up: Countering Houthi Aggression in the Red Sea

By Admiral James “Sandy” Winnefeld, U.S. Navy (Retired)

January 2024

An analysis of U.S. strike operations against Houthi targets in Yemen.

he U.S. Naval Academy’s class of 2023 midshipmen give the oath of office during their graduation and commissioning ceremony.

Are the Military Services Prepared for Race-Neutral Admissions? Part II

By Major Geoffrey Irving, U.S. Marine Corps Reserve

January 2024

An analysis of the upcoming cases on race-conscious admission policies at the service academies.

An explosive ordnance disposal technician conducts a training scenario.

Engineering Special Operations

By Lieutenant Commander Joseph Grim, U.S. Navy, Ryan Cervino, Christy Spaulding, and Allen G. Zahneigh Sr.

January 2024

The joint forces must combine special forces operations and Navy explosive ordnance disposal units to detect chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive (CBRNE) anomalies.

Houthi militants hijack a cargo ship in the southern Red Sea in November 2023

Counterpiracy Lessons for the Current Crisis in Yemen

Commander Kevin Duffy, U.S. Coast Guard (Retired)

January 2024

CTF-153 should take lessons from previous counterpiracy task forces in the Gulf of Guinea and off Somalia to deal with the current Houthi threat.

The USCGC Waesche (WMSL-751) intercepts a self-propelled semisubmersible in international waters off the East Pacific Ocean in November 2023.

Contested Logistics: Adapting Cartel Submarines to Support Taiwan

By Patrick Griffin

January 2024

On 14 March 2023, the Colombian Navy seized a drug cartel semisubmersible carrying 5,800 pounds of cocaine to an unknown destination in the Pacific. The year before, authorities captured a ...

From left to right, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force guided-missile destroyer Ashigara, the USS Shiloh (CG-67), the Rafael Peralta (DDG-115), the Antietam (CG-54), and the USNS Washington Chambers (T-AKE 11) in formation in the Philippine Sea, in January 2023.

Develop a Persuasive Strategy for All-Domain Naval Power

Captain Sam J. Tangredi, U.S. Navy (Retired)

January 2024

A review of Advantage at Sea and the issues an effective Sea Service strategy would have to address.

January 2024

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